Indima yama-chelating agents ekuhlanzeni imikhiqizo
I-Chelate, i-chelate eyakhiwe yi-chelating agents, ivela egameni lesiGreki elithi Chele, elisho uzipho lwenkala. Ama-Chelate afana nezinzipho zenkala eziphethe ama-ion ensimbi, azinzile kakhulu futhi kulula ukuwasusa noma ukuwasebenzisa la ma-ion ensimbi. Ngo-1930, i-chelate yokuqala yenziwa eJalimane - i-EDTA (ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid) chelate yokwelapha iziguli ezinobuthi bensimbi esindayo, bese i-chelate yathuthukiswa futhi yasetshenziswa ekuhlanzweni kwamakhemikhali kwansuku zonke, ekudleni, ezimbonini nakwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.
Njengamanje, abakhiqizi abakhulu bama-chelating agents emhlabeni bahlanganisa i-BASF, i-Norion, i-Dow, i-Dongxiao Biological, i-Shijiazhuang Jack njalo njalo.
Isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific yisona makethe enkulu kunazo zonke yama-chelating agents, enamasheya angaphezu kuka-50% kanye nosayizi wemakethe olinganiselwa ngaphezu kwe-US $1 billion, enezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko embonini yokuwasha, yokwelapha amanzi, yokunakekela umuntu siqu, yephepha, yokudla neyokuphuza.
(Isakhiwo sama-molecule se-ejenti ye-chelating EDTA)
Ama-chelating agents alawula ama-ion ensimbi ngokuchela ama-multi-ligand awo ngama-complex e-ion ensimbi ukuze akhe ama-chelates.
Kusukela kule ndlela yokusebenza, kungaqondakala ukuthi ama-molecule amaningi anama-multi-ligand anekhono elinjalo lokuhlukanisa.
Enye yezinto ezivame kakhulu yi-EDTA engenhla, enganikeza ama-athomu amabili e-nitrogen kanye nama-athomu amane e-carboxyl oxygen ukuze asebenzisane nensimbi, futhi ingasebenzisa i-molecule eyodwa ukugoqa kahle i-calcium ion edinga ukuhlanganiswa okungu-6, ikhiqize umkhiqizo ozinzile kakhulu onekhono elihle kakhulu le-chelation. Amanye ama-chelator asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka i-sodium phytate njenge-sodium gluconate, i-sodium glutamate diacetate tetrasodium (GLDA), ama-sodium amino acid njenge-methylglycine diacetate trisodium (MGDA), kanye nama-polyphosphates nama-polyamines.
Njengoba sonke sazi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusemanzini ompompi noma emanzini emvelo, kukhona i-calcium, i-magnesium, i-iron plasma, lawa ma-ion ensimbi ekucebiseni isikhathi eside, azoletha imiphumela elandelayo empilweni yethu yansuku zonke:
1. Indwangu ayihlanzwa kahle, okubangela ukubola kwesikali, ukuqina kanye nokuba mnyama.
2. Ayikho into yokuhlanza efanele endaweni eqinile, kanye nama-scale deposits
3. Amadiphozithi esikalini ezitsheni zetafula nasezingilazini
Ubulukhuni bamanzi bubhekisela kokuqukethwe kwama-ion e-calcium ne-magnesium emanzini, futhi amanzi aqinile azonciphisa umphumela wokuwasha. Emikhiqizweni yensipho, i-chelating agent ingasabela ne-calcium, i-magnesium namanye ama-ion ensimbi emanzini, ukuze ithambise ikhwalithi yamanzi, ivimbele i-calcium ne-magnesium plasma ukuthi ingasabelani ne-agent esebenzayo ensipho, futhi igweme ukuthinta umphumela wokuwasha, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo wokuwasha.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-chelating agents angenza ukwakheka kwensipho kuzinzile futhi kungaboli kalula uma kushiswa noma kugcinwe isikhathi eside.
Ukwengezwa kwe-chelating agent emshinini wokuwasha kungathuthukisa amandla ayo okuhlanza, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni lapho umphumela wokuwasha uthinteka kakhulu ubulukhuni, njengasenyakatho, eningizimu-ntshonalanga nakwezinye izindawo ezinobulukhuni bamanzi obuningi, i-chelating agent ingavimbela namabala amanzi ukuthi ahlale ebusweni bendwangu, ukuze insipho yokuwasha ikwazi ukungena kalula futhi inamathele kalula ebusweni bezingubo, kuthuthukiswe umphumela wokuwasha ngasikhathi sinye. Thuthukisa ubumhlophe nokuthamba, ukusebenza okunembile akulona ompunga kangako futhi komile kakhulu.
Futhi ekuhlanzeni indawo eqinile kanye nokuhlanza izitsha zetafula, i-chelating agent esesitsheni ingathuthukisa ikhono lokuncibilika kanye nokuhlakazeka kwesitsha, ukuze kube lula ukususa ibala kanye nesikali, futhi ukusebenza okunembile ukuthi isikali asikwazi ukuhlala, indawo isobala kakhulu, futhi ingilazi ayilengi ifilimu yamanzi. Ama-chelating agent angaphinde ahlangane nomoya-mpilo emoyeni ukuze akhe ama-complex azinzile avimbela ukushiswa kwezindawo zensimbi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela we-chelating wama-chelating agents kuma-iron ions nawo usetshenziswa ezihlanzini zamapayipi ukuze kususwe ukugqwala.