Isigaba kanye nomsebenzi wezinsiza zokuhlanza ezivamile

Izithasiselo zokuhlanza zihlukaniswa zibe izithasiselo ezingaphili, njenge-sodium silicate, i-sodium carbonate, i-sodium sulfate kanye nezinye izinsalela ezingaphili; Izithasiselo ze-organic, njengezinto ezilwa nokubuyiselwa kwesimo, i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Ukwengeza izinto ezisizayo ezihlobene nokuhlanza ukungcola emshinini wokuwasha ongathuthukisa ukusebenza kokuwasha kubizwa ngokuthi izithasiselo zokuwasha, kanti izithasiselo zokuwasha ziyingxenye ebalulekile yensiza. Imisebenzi eyinhloko yezithasiselo zokuwasha: okokuqala, kunomphumela wokuthambisa amanzi, okwesibili ukudlala indima yokubopha i-alkaline, futhi ekugcineni, kunendima yokumanzisa, ukuhlanganisa, ukumiswa kanye nokuhlakazeka, ikakhulukazi ukuvimbela ukungcola ukuthi kuphinde kunamathele ezingutsheni kanye nokulwa nokuguqulwa kwesimo.

Yiziphi izithasiselo eziyinhloko zensipho?

I-sodium silicate
Kuyi-alkaline buffer, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi ingilazi yamanzi noma i-paucine, okuyisengezo esibalulekile se-alkaline pH buffer detergent, esibalelwa cishe ku-10% kuya ku-3% wokufakwa kwe-powder detergent. Umsebenzi wokuqala yi-pH buffer, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuthambisa amanzi; Owesibili ukuvikela indwangu ukuze kuthuthukiswe i-detergent; Owesithathu ukuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwe-slurry ne-powder; Okwesine, inomphumela wokubambisana nezinye izinsiza.

I-sodium carbonate
Izithasiselo zokuhlanza zingezona eze-ejenti yamanzi athambile, iyi-ejenti yamanzi athambile yohlobo lwemvula, igama elivamile libizwa nangokuthi i-soda ash, kanti igama elivamile liyi-washing alkali, kodwa empeleni, akuyona i-alkali, ingusawoti. Kwezentengiselwano zamazwe ngamazwe, ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi i-soda noma i-alkali ash. I-Sodium carbonate ingathuthukisa i-alkalinity, ingakhiqiza i-calcium carbonate noma i-magnesium precipitation nge-calcium kanye ne-magnesium ions emanzini, ukuze ithambise amanzi, iyisakhi esiyinhloko se-alkaline detergent.

4A zeolite
Isithambisi samanzi sohlobo lokushintshana kwe-ion siyi-ejenti ewusizo enhle yohlobo lokushintshana kwe-ion, esiza ukushintshana kwe-calcium ne-magnesium ion futhi sithambise amanzi. Ngenxa yokuthi i-zeolite ayincibiliki emanzini, ukuze ingahlali endwangu, kunezidingo ezithile zobukhulu bezinhlayiya ze-4A zeolite. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela wokusebenzisa i-zeolite ne-sodium tripolyphosphate ungcono kunowokusebenzisa yona yodwa. I-4A zeolite inomsebenzi wokubopha, ukusabalalisa nokumelana nokuguqulwa kabusha.

I-sodium citrate
Kuyisithambisi samanzi esincibilikisayo, futhi i-sodium citrate evamile yi-sodium citrate dihydrate kanye ne-sodium citrate pentahydrate. Zinokuncibilika okuhle kakhulu futhi zingakha ama-chelates ane-calcium kanye nama-magnesium ions emanzini ukuze athambise amanzi. I-sodium citrate iyi-acid ebuthakathaka usawoti oyisisekelo oqinile, futhi i-citric acid ingakha uhlelo lwe-pH buffer oluqinile, enkambisweni yokuhlanza inekhono lokugcina uhla lwe-pH oluzinzile, ngakho kwezinye izimo ayifaneleki ukushintshashintsha kwe-pH okubanzi, i-sodium citrate inendawo ehlukile.

I-sodium sulfate
I-sodium sulfate decahydrate, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-glauberite. Ubumsulwa obuphezulu, izinhlayiya ezincane ze-sodium sulfate engamanzi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-sodium powder. Inani le-sodium sulfate elifakwe ku-washing powder liphezulu lifinyelela ku-20% kuya ku-60%, okuyinani elikhulu lezithasiselo ze-washing powder ezivamile, kodwa umphumela walo mncane kakhulu kunezinye izithasiselo. Ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yentengo ephansi ye-sodium sulfate, enkambisweni yokubumba insipho, ukugeleza kwensipho kuba ngcono, ikakhulukazi indima yokubumba insipho yokuwasha.

I-sodium percarbonate bleach
I-Sodium percarbonate, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-solid hydrogen peroxide, iyinhlanganisela eyengeziwe ye-hydrogen peroxide kanye ne-sodium carbonate, edlala indima enkulu yokumhlophela.

Isithambisi samanzi se-polycarboxylate chelating
I-Polycarboxylate, evame ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezinsipho, iyi-polymer ezimbili ezakhiwe yi-acrylic homopolymer kanye ne-acrylic maleic acid copolymer. Lolu hlobo lwento lunamandla amahle okubopha kuma-ion e-calcium ne-magnesium, lunomphumela osobala wokusabalala ku-calcium kanye ne-magnesium carbonate, luhambisana kahle nezingxenye zezinsipho ezifana nezengezo ze-surfactant, futhi lunomphumela omuhle wokulwa nokuguqulwa kwesimo.
I-Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose iyi-ejenti yokuvuselela kabusha elwa nokungcola, ngokwayo ayinawo umphumela wokuhlanza, insipho ihloselwe ukuvimbela ukususwa kabusha kokungcola, ukuthuthukisa amandla okugwedla kanye nokuqina kwefoam yensipho, kodwa futhi inokuqina komkhiqizo, i-colloidal ezinzile, ivimbele ukususwa kwe-delamination kanye neminye imisebenzi yamakhemikhali e-colloidal.

I-EDTA iyisithambisi samanzi esicwebezelayo
I-EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, iyi-ejenti eyinkimbinkimbi ebalulekile, inama-athomu ayisithupha okuhlanganisa, ukwakheka kwe-complex kubizwa ngokuthi i-chelate. Ingakha ama-chelate ane-calcium, i-magnesium kanye namanye ama-ion ensimbi emanzini ukuze athambise amanzi.

I-Essence
Ukwengezwa kokunambitheka emshinini wokuwasha kuthandwa kakhulu ngabathengi, futhi ukwengezwa kokunambitheka emshinini wokuwasha akugcini nje ngokwenza umshini wokuwasha ube nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, kodwa futhi kwenza indwangu noma izinwele ngemva kokuwasha, zibe nephunga elimnandi elisha. Inani lokunambitheka elifakwe emshinini wokuwasha ngokuvamile licishe libe yi-1%, kodwa inani lemikhiqizo ehlukene nalo lihlukile, njengensipho, ngenxa yomsebenzi walo okhethekile, inani lokunambitheka lingu-1.0% ~ 2.5%, insipho yokuwasha engu-0.5% ~ 1%, impuphu yokuwasha engu-0.1% ~ 0.2%, ngokusho kwemikhiqizo ehlukene. Amaphunga avame ukusetshenziswa yizimbali, utshani, ukhuni, kanye nempepho yokwenziwa. Ukulungiswa kokunambitheka kwensiphu kufanele kunake amaphuzu amabili alandelayo: Okokuqala, ukuphepha, ukunciphisa isikhumba, izinwele, ukukhuthazwa kwamehlo, imiphumela emibi emzimbeni womuntu; Okwesibili ukuzinza, ngoba izithako ezikumshini wokuwasha ziningi, ukuzinza kwento kufanele kugcinwe ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkaline, kungavumeli ukuthi ibole futhi ishintshe umbala, futhi ayikwazi ukudlala indima.