Okokuqala, indlela yokuhlanza indle ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa ukwelashwa ngokomzimba nokwelashwa ngamakhemikhali.Indlela engokomzimba ukusebenzisa izinto zokuhlunga ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene bembotshana, ukusetshenziswa kwe-adsorption noma izindlela zokuvimba, ukungcola okusemanzini akufakiwe, okubaluleke kakhulu endleleni ye-adsorption i-adsorption nge-activated carbon, indlela yokuvimbela. ukudlulisa amanzi endaweni yokuhlunga, ukuze umthamo omkhulu wokungcola ungadluli, bese uthola amanzi ahlanzekile.Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela ebonakalayo iphinde ihlanganise nendlela yokuthela, okuwukuvumela ukungcola okunengxenye encane kuntante phezu kwamanzi ukuze kudotshwe, noma ukungcola okunengxenye enkulu kumvula ngaphansi komhlaba, bese kutholwa.Indlela yamakhemikhali ukusebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali ukuguqula ukungcola okusemanzini kube yizinto ezingenabungozi kangako emzimbeni womuntu, noma ukungcola kugxilile, indlela yokwelapha ngamakhemikhali kufanele isetshenziswe isikhathi eside ukwengeza i-alum amanzi, ngemva kokuqoqwa kokungcola emanzini, umthamo uba mkhulu, ungasebenzisa indlela yokuhlunga ukuze ususe ukungcola.
I-Calcium chloride, ikhemikhali evame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlanzeni indle, iyinhlanganisela ye-inorganic engusawoti owenziwe nge-chlorine ne-calcium, i-ionic halide evamile.I-chloride ion ingabulala amagciwane, ibulale amagciwane ayingozi, futhi inciphise ubuthi bamanzi.Ama-ion e-calcium angangena esikhundleni sama-cations ensimbi aqukethwe emanzini, ahlukanise futhi akhiphe ama-ion ensimbi anobuthi anobuthi, futhi aqede ukuna kwe-calcium ion, enomphumela omuhle wokubulala amagciwane kanye nokuhlanza.
Okulandelayo ukwethula indima ethile ye-calcium chloride ekuhlanzeni indle:
1. I-calcium chloride encibilike emanzini ngemva kokuba i-ion ye-chloride ibe nomthelela wokuvala inzalo.
2. Ama-ion e-calcium angashintsha ama-cations ensimbi kumfucumfucu, ikakhulukazi ohlelweni lokuhlanza amanzi angcolile aqukethe ama-cations ensimbi.Ukuze kuncishiswe umonakalo wezinto ezinobuthi kakhulu ze-cations zensimbi esigabeni samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo, i-calcium chloride isetshenziswa enqubweni yokwelapha ngaphambi kokukhipha lezi zinto ezinobuthi neziyingozi, ezidlala indima ebalulekile.Uma le nto isetshenziswa esigabeni sokuthuthwa kwamanzi, ama-ion e-chloride adlala indima yokubulala amagciwane.I-calcium ion yenze i-calcium hydroxide yancipha futhi yasuswa yimvula.
3. I-PH neutralization kanye nokulawulwa kwangaphambili kwenethiwekhi yamapayipi endle ane-asidi ukuze kunwetshwe impilo yesevisi yenethiwekhi yamapayipi.
Inqubo eqondile yokufaka isicelo: Ngemva kokuba amanzi angcolile eqoqwe ethangini elilawulayo, amanzi angcolile aphakanyiselwa ku-coagulation ithangi ngepompo eliphakamisayo.I-coagulation tank ihlukaniswe yaba izinqubo ezimbili zokuxuba kancane nokuxuba okusheshayo, ingqikithi yezigaba ezine zokusabela.Ethangini lokuxuba elisheshayo, i-sodium hydroxide yengezwa empompini yokudosa ukuze kulungiswe i-PH yamanzi axutshwe ethangini abe ngu-8, futhi i-polyaluminium chloride encibilika emanzini ne-calcium chloride yengezwa ngesikhathi esifanayo.Ngokungeza i-polyacrylamide eyi-flocculant ethangini lokuxuba kancane, izinhlayiya ze-calcium chloride ezakhiwe zihlangana ndawonye ukuze zakhe i-floc enkulu ye-granular;Ngemuva kokugeleza, ukungcola kugeleza ethangini le-sedimentation, ngokuhlala kwemvelo ukuze kufezwe inhloso yokuhlukaniswa koketshezi oluqinile, i-supernatant yachichima isuka engxenyeni engenhla yethangi le-sedimentation, bese igelezela emvuleni yesibili yokuhlangana.Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-coagulation yesibili kanye nemvula, amanzi adlula kusihlungi sesikhwama nesihlungi sekhabhoni esivulwe sasebenza kuchibi le-acid-base neutralization ohlangothini lomnikazi ngemva kokudlula ukutholwa ku-inthanethi kwama-ion e-fluoride, bese inani le-pH liyalungiswa futhi likhishwe.Amanzi angafanelekile akhishelwa ethangini le-conditioning bese ayahlanzwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-11-2024
