Ibanga lesicelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide

Ibanga lesicelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-sodium hydroxide

I-YANGZHOU EVERBRIGHT CHEMICAL CO.LTD.

Ithebhulethi ye-Caustic soda iwuhlobo lwe-caustic soda, igama lekhemikhali i-sodium hydroxide, iyi-alkali encibilikayo, igqwala kakhulu, ingasetshenziswa njenge-acid neutralizer, ene-masking agent, i-precipitating agent, i-ejenti yokufihla imvula, i-ejenti yombala, i-ejenti ye-saponification, i-ejenti ecwecwayo, okokuhlanza nokunye

Iguquguquka kakhulu.Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwamaphilisi e-caustic soda kufinyezwa ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1, ukwenza iphepha:

papermaking izinto zokusetshenziswa izitshalo ukhuni noma utshani, lezi zitshalo ngaphezu cellulose, kodwa futhi iqukethe inani elikhulu non-cellulose (lignin, gum, njll).I-alkali ye-Flake isetshenziselwa ukuhlonza, futhi i-fiber ingatholakala kuphela ngokususa i-lignin okhunini.Ingxenye engeyona i-cellulose ingancibilika ngokungeza isisombululo se-dilute caustic soda, ukuze i-cellulose njengengxenye eyinhloko ye-pulp ilungiswe.

2, uwoyela ocolisisiwe:

Ngemuva kokuthi imikhiqizo ye-petroleum igezwe nge-sulfuric acid, ezinye izinto ezine-acidic kufanele zigezwe ngesisombululo se-alkali yethebhulethi, bese ziwashwa ukuze kutholwe imikhiqizo ecolisisiwe.

3. Indwangu:

izindwangu zikakotini nezelineni ziphathwa nge-concentrated sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) isisombululo sokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zefiber.Imicu yokwenziwa efana nekotini yokwenziwa, uvolo wokwenziwa, i-rayon, njll., ikakhulukazi imicu ye-viscose, yenziwe nge-cellulose (njenge-pulp), i-caustic soda, i-carbon disulfide (CS2) njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, ezenziwe nge-viscose, ngokuphotha, ukujiya.

4, ukuphrinta nokudaya:

Indwangu kakotini ngokwelashwa kwesisombululo se-alkali, ingasusa embozwe ngendwangu kakotini wax, amafutha, isitashi nezinye izinto, ngenkathi ikhulisa umbala we-mercerization wendwangu, ukuze ukudaya umfaniswano owengeziwe.

5, ukwenza insipho:

ingxenye eyinhloko yensipho usawoti we-sodium wama-fatty acids asethuthukile, ngokuvamile owenziwe ngamafutha namaphilisi e-alkali njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ngokusabela kwe-saponification.Ngaphezu kosawoti omningi we-fatty acid, insipho nayo iqukethe i-rosin, ingilazi yamanzi, izinongo, odayi nezinye izigcwalisi.Ngokwesakhiwo, i-sodium enamafutha aphezulu aphezulu iqukethe ingxenye ye-hydrophobic engeyona i-polar (iqembu le-hydrocarbon) kanye nengxenye ye-polar hydrophilic (iqembu le-carboxyl).Iqembu le-hydrophobic linezici ze-oleophilic.Ngesikhathi sokugeza, amafutha odongeni ayanyakaziswa futhi ahlakazwe abe amaconsi amancane kawoyela, futhi ngemva kokuxhumana nensipho, iqembu le-hydrophobic (iqembu le-hydrocarbon) lama-molecule e-sodium enamafutha aphezulu afakwa emaconsini kawoyela, bese ama-molecule kawoyela efakwa. ehlanganiswe amabutho kavan der Waals.Iqembu le-hydrophilic (iqembu le-carboxyl), elincibilika kalula emanzini, linwetshwa ngaphandle kokwehla kwamafutha bese lifakwa emanzini.Isithako esiyinhloko sensipho i-NaOH, kodwa i-NaOH akuyona insipho.Isixazululo saso esinamanzi sinamafutha futhi singasetshenziswa njengensipho.Insipho iyi-emulsifier.Umgomo ukusabela kwe-saponification CH3CO0CH2CH3+NaOH=CH3COONA+CH3CH2OH, futhi i-CH3COONA iyisithako esisebenzayo ensipho.

6, imboni yamakhemikhali:

yenza i-metal sodium, amanzi e-electrolytic azosebenzisa amaphilisi e-alkali.Ukukhiqizwa kukasawoti omningi wezinto ezingaphili, ikakhulukazi ukulungiswa kwamanye amasawoti e-sodium (njenge-borax, i-sodium silicate, i-sodium phosphate, i-sodium dichromate, i-sodium sulfite, njll.) isetshenziswa kuthebhulethi ye-alkali.Ibuye isetshenziswe ekuhlanganiseni odayi, izidakamizwa kanye ne-organic intermediates.

7, imboni yensimbi:

ngokuvamile ukuguqula ingxenye esebenzayo ye-ore ibe usawoti we-sodium oncibilikayo, ukuze ususe ukungcola okungancibiliki, ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile kudingeka wengeze amaphilisi e-alkali.Isibonelo, ekuncibilikeni kwe-aluminium, ukulungiswa kwe-cryolite kanye nokwelashwa kwe-bauxite kusetshenziswa.

8, ukusetshenziswa lime ukuthuthukisa inhlabathi:

enhlabathini, ngenxa yokuthi izinto eziphilayo ohlelweni lokubola zizokhiqiza ama-asidi aphilayo, isimo sezulu samaminerali singase futhi sikhiqize izinto ezine-asidi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa komanyolo we-inorganic njenge-ammonium sulfate, i-ammonium chloride, njll., nakho kuzokwenza inhlabathi ibe ne-asidi.Ukusebenzisa inani elifanele lomcako kunganciphisa i-asidi emhlabathini, kwenze inhlabathi ifanelekele ukukhula kwezitshalo, futhi kukhuthaze ukusabalala kwezilwanyana ezincane.Ngemva kokwanda kwe-Ca2+ enhlabathini, ingakhuthaza ukufiphala kwe-colloid yenhlabathi, okuvumela ukwakheka kwama-aggregate, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, inganikeza i-calcin edingekayo ekukhuleni kwezitshalo.

9. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Alumina:

Isixazululo se-NaOH siyashisisa ukuncibilikisa i-alumina ku-bauxite futhi sithole i-aluminium ye-sodiumwadla isixazululo.Ngemuva kokuthi ikhambi lihlukaniswe nensalela (udaka olubomvu), izinga lokushisa liyehliswa, i-aluminium hydroxide yengezwe njengembewu yekristalu, ngemuva kwesikhathi eside sokunyakaziswa, i-sodium aluminate ichithwa ibe yi-aluminium hydroxide, igezwe, bese ibalwa ku-950 ~ 1200 ℃ , i-aluminium oxide eqediwe iyatholakala.Isixazululo ngemva kokuna kwe-aluminium hydroxide sibizwa ngokuthi utshwala bomama, obuhwamukayo bugxiliswe bese bugaywa kabusha.Ngenxa yezinhlaka ezihlukene ze-crystalline ze-diaspore, i-diaspore ne-diaspore, ukuncibilika kwabo kusixazululo se-caustic soda kuhluke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngezimo ezihlukene zokuhlakazeka, ikakhulukazi amazinga okushisa ahlukene.Uhlobo lwe-diaspore lwe-bauxite lungancibilika ku-125~140C, futhi uhlobo lwe-diaspore lwe-bauxite lungancibilika ku-240~260℃ kanye nokwengezwa komcako (3~7%).

10, izitsha zobumba:

I-caustic soda endimeni yokukhiqiza i-ceramic inamaphuzu amabili: okokuqala, ohlelweni lokudubula lwe-ceramics, i-caustic soda njenge-diluent.Okwesibili, ubuso be-ceramic eshisiwe buzoklwejwa noma bube nzima kakhulu, futhi ngemva kokuhlanza ngesisombululo se-caustic soda, ubuso be-ceramic buyoba bushelelezi.

11, ukukhishwa kwamagciwane:

i-virus protein denaturation.Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza kanye nokubulala amagciwane embonini yewayini.

12, ngaphezu kwamanzi angcolile:

i-sodium oxide eqinile yokulungisa inani le-ph, ukwelashwa kwendle, ukuze izinsiza zigaywe kabusha.

13, amalungiselelo amakhemikhali, izithasiselo zezimboni:

I-alkali yethebhulethi isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezemithi ukwenza izixazululo ze-alkalize noma ukulungisa inani le-pH lezixazululo zemithi.

14, i-electroplating, ukucwengisiswa kwe-tungsten.:

Amaphilisi e-alkali ekufakweni kwensimbi njengesixazululo se-electroplating, adlale indima yomqhubi!

15, khiqiza usilika, khiqiza ukotini we-rayon.

16. Imboni yesikhumba (Ukwethulwa kokusetshenziswa okubili kwamaphilisi e-alkali):

(1) Ukuze kusetshenziswe kabusha uketshezi lwe-tannery imfucumfucu yomlotha, cwilisa bese wengeza isisombululo samanzi se-sodium sulfide enqubweni ekhona yokwandisa

Phakathi kwezinyathelo ezimbili zokwelashwa kokucwiliswa kwe-lime powder, ukusetshenziswa kwesisombululo se-30% ye-sodium hydroxide enesisindo se-tare engu-0.3-0.5% kunyuswa ukuze kwenziwe imicu yesikhumba inwetshwe ngokugcwele ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zenqubo futhi ithuthukise ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo eqediwe.
(2) Njengomthombo we-alkaline kanye ne-neutralizer, engeza inani lamanzi ku-reactor, bese ushisa kufika ku-90 ° C ngesitimu, ugovuze ngenkathi wengeza i-polyvinyl alcohol, bese upholisa kuze kufike ku-80 ° C ngemva kokuphuza utshwala be-polyvinyl. ziqedwe ngokuphelele.Ngemuva kokugqugquzela, engeza i-hydrochloric acid e-trickle, qhubeka ugoqa imizuzu engu-20 kuya kwengama-30, bese wengeza inani lefomula lamanzi e-formaldehyde.Igcine ifudumele ku-78 ~ 80 ℃, ivumele ukuthi isabele imizuzu engu-40 ~ 50, engeza isixazululo esimisiwe esingu-10% se-sodium hydroxide ukuze i-neutralization, ipholise ifike ku-60 ~ 70 ℃, bese wengeza i-urea yefomula yokwelashwa kwe-amino, kanye nesihlungi. isisombululo seglue ngenethi yentambo ukuze isetshenziswe.

17, imboni yamakhemikhali ye-polyester:

esetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwe-formic acid, i-oxalic acid, i-borax, i-phenol, i-sodium cyanide nensipho, ama-synthetic fatty acids, okokusula okokwenziwa, njll.

18, imboni yokuphrinta nezindwangu yokudaya:

esetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ye-cotton desizing agent, i-ejenti ebilayo, i-mercerizing agent kanye nodayi wokunciphisa, i-solvent ye-haichang eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

19, imboni yokuncibilikisa:

esetshenziselwa ukwakha i-aluminium hydroxide, i-aluminium oxide kanye ne-ejenti yokwelapha ebusweni bensimbi.

20, imboni yezinsimbi,:

isetshenziswa njenge-asidi neutralizer, i-ejenti esusa umbala, i-deodorizing agent.

21, imboni yokunamathisela:

esetshenziswa njengesitashi gelatinizer, neutralizer.

22, yenza i-phosphate, yenza i-manganate.

23. Ukuvuselelwa kwerabha endala.

24, ingasetshenziswa njenge-citrus, i-ejenti yokucwenga ipentshisi kanye ne-ejenti yokuqeda umbala, isiqedaphunga.

25, i-alkali yethebhulethi iphinde isetshenziswe ekwenzeni izibulala-zinambuzane.